![]() How colors ultimately look depends on the relationship resulting from the gamma values (γ) that numerically represent the gamma characteristics of each hardware device. However, since gamma characteristics differ between PCs and monitors, color information is not transmitted according to a 1:1 input:output relationship. When a PC and a monitor exchange color information, the ideal is a relationship in which the eight-bit color information per RGB color input from the PC to the monitor can be output accurately-that is, a 1:1 relationship for input:output. Currently, some 16.77 million colors, with eight bits per RGB color, is the standard color environment for PC monitors. While certain monitors are also compatible with color handling at 10 bits per RGB color (210 = 1024 tones), or 1024 x 3 (approximately 1,064,330,000 colors), operating system and application support for such monitors has lagged. Approximately 16.77 million colors (known as "full color") result from 256 x 3 (256 R tones * 256 G tones * 256 B tones). Each RGB color has eight bits (28 = 256 tones) of data. The color reproduced on a PC monitor is based on a combination of three primary colors: red (R), green (G), and blue (B). The color handling characteristics that arise in input and output are known as gamma characteristics. Since each device has its own unique color handling characteristics (or tendencies), color information cannot be output exactly as input. When using these devices connected to a PC, we input and output color information to and from each device. ![]() In a PC environment, the hardware used when working with color includes monitors, printers, and scanners. Let's discuss gamma in a little more detail. In computer image processing, the term generally refers to the brightness of intermediate tones (gray). The word gamma occurs often in everyday life, in terms like gamma rays, the star called Gamma Velorum, and gamma-GTP. The term gamma comes from the third letter of the Greek alphabet, written Γ in upper case and γ in lower case. * Below is the translation from the Japanese of the ITmedia article "Is the Beauty of a Curve Decisive for Color Reproduction? Learning About LCD Monitor Gamma" published July 13, 2009. Users who value picture quality are advised to check this information. Understanding gamma is useful in both color management and product selection. In this session, we'll discuss gamma, which has a significant impact on color reproduction on LCD monitors. Problems like extremely poor display of shadow areas, blown-out highlights, or images prepared on Macs appearing too dark on Windows computers are often due to gamma characteristics.
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